PART 5

History

A decent review vid. Check it out.


Questions to keep in mind in today's readings and after today's class discussions


Who was the father of New France?

What was the main institution in the colony?

What is an absolute monarchy?

Where were the thirteen coloines settled ?

Where was Port Royal?

What is a seigneur?

British Colonization in Canada

The Fur Trade

This youtube video reviews  all that we've been studying in class. Check it out. It may prove helpful to those trying to understand this historical period.

HISTORY

HISTORY

Membertou

Membertou

Membertou, chief and shaman of the Micmac tribe in Port Royal. Ally of the French peoples. Membertou was the first North American/First Nation to be baptized Catholic in North America. And it has been said that he was over 100 years old.

francie009

Henri Membertou

Henri Membertou was a tribe leader in Port Royal, The tribe he was chief and shaman in was the Micmaq tribe. The French enjoyed him because he assisted regularly, even though he wasn't French. He was the first first nation to get baptized catholic.

Membertou

Membertou was a member of a group of Micmaq near Port Royal. In fact,
he was the chief and shaman of said group. Much of the European
success in that area was from his kind actions as well as those of the
rest of his. He was respected by many and had regularly assisted in
French colonization, even though he wasn't French. He was the first
native to be baptized in his home land by catholics. When then French
left, he protected Port Royal until the French returned, three years
later.

HISTORY


The video above tells the story of Samuel Champlain. Check it out. Why do you think he was called the " Father of New France"?

History

Pierre Du Gua de Monts

            Pierre Du Gua de Monts was born in 1558 in France and died in 1628 in France.  Pierre Du Gua de Monts is famous for founding the first permanent settlement Port Royal in Acadia, which is now Canada.

            In June 1604 Pierre and his settlers entered the Baie Francaise, which is now the Bay of Fundy. They founded a colony on the St. Croix Island which was suitable and to defend from the Indians.  They spent the first winter on the island.  A few settlers surrendered to the harsh climates and diseases with the limited natural resources on the foreign island.  Many died of scurvy and other diseases.   After the loss of his colonists Pierre moved to land close to the island and started a colony Port Royal.

            Pierre was an early explorer that was given a monopoly on the fur trade by New France in 1603.  This monopoly gave Pierre the authority and power to stop any illegal traders.  In return for the monopoly given to Pierre, he became the governor and ruler of the new settlement Acadia.  Pierre would remain the governor of Acadia if he could bring 60 new colonists each year to Acadia.  Pierre was to sustain control of the area, explore and discover precious metals, gold, sliver and others for France.  The new settlement was also to evangelize to the Native peoples; France was very holy and wanted to Christianize new people that were strangers to God.  Pierre's new colony was associated with some other early explorers; Jean de Poutrincourt, Samuel de Champlain, Marc Lescarbot, Mathieu Da Costa, Louis Herbert and many more were involved.  The settlers harvested and planted crops on the new barren land.  The colonists also built a mill to grind flour.  The French traded leftover furs with the Micmaq tribe.  The new land was becoming successful but the business project wasn't.  While Pierre was trying to increase the business, merchants were becoming jealous and were protesting and undermining him back in France so the King cancelled the monopoly.

            In 1607 the monopoly was cancelled by the French king, King Henri IV and Pierre was forced to desert Port Royal.    In 1608 he decided to assist Samuel de Champlain build in Quebec for Samuel and Pierre were very close friends.  Pierre helped prove that Europeans could dwell in North America permanently and that the country was able to support agriculture.  He accomplished many amazing goals before his life sadly ended. 

            Pierre's associates and trust worthy friends were thankful for his accomplishments and for his support.

Marc Lescarbot: "De Monts, it is you whose high courage has traced the way for such a great undertaking, and for this reason, in spite of the attack of time, the leaf of your fame will grow green in an eternal spring."

Christina Z

Marc Lescarbot

Marc Lescarbot was a French author and lawyer born in Vervins, France in 1570. He studied in Paris where he normally had lived, but his family was thought to have come from Guise. He learned to speak Greek, Latin, and Hebrew, but also had an interest in medicine. He was interested in literature, then later on in canonical and civil law. He graduated as a lawyer at the age of 29 in 1599. In his exploration days, he was asked to accompany Jean de Biencourt Poutrincourt and Sieur De Gua de Monts (a fur trader) on their voyage to Acadia. He reached Port Royal in July 1606, and was basically the main source of entertainment for the colony, by creating stories, poems, and plays for the men. He stayed there for a year, until De Mont's fur trade licence was cancelled, forcing the rest of the colony to return back to France. When he returned to France, he wrote books and poetry about his experiences in Port Royal. His writings are part of the reason of our knowlege in Acadian fur trade and colonization. When Pourtincourt had returend to Port Royal in 1606, Lescarbot welcomed him with a dramatic presentation called "The Theatre of Neptune" directed and written by him. The mythical god Neptune, played by Marc, appeared to welcome Poitrincourt in a bark canoe. The performance was played by other French and Micmaq and also completed with cannons and trumpets. Later on in life, Marc married around the age of 50, to a woman named Françoise de Valpergue on September 3, 1619. Lescarbot died on 1642 at the age of 72. Lescarbot had also been a calligrapher, a musician, and a draughtsman. He had composed many writings, and people have learned to appreciate them. Some people have also called him "the best of the historians of New France." Overall he was a very intelligent man with great courage, which I hope too, will influence others.

-Christine

Mathieu Da Costa

     Mathieu de Costa was the first recorded black person in North America. Most historians believe he was an explorer in the party of Pierre Dugua, the Sieur de Monts, and Samuel de Champlain in the early 1600's. De Costa was very multilingual, he knew how to speak Dutch, English, Portuguese, pidgin Basque, and the dialect most of the Aboriginals used for trading. The relationship between the Micmaq and the French was because of Mathieu de Costa's knowledge. Some think he came to Canada in a Portuguese ship. it is said a merchant kidnapped him then sold him to De Monts. Recorded French papers say he worked for the government in Port Royal in 1608. Historians believe Mathieu de Costa died in 1623.

history

                 Membertou Chief of the Micmaq

    Henri Membertou was the chief and shawman of the Micmaq tribe. It is unknown when he was born, but we do know that he lived during the late 1500's, early 1600's. Membertou live in Port Royal, the site where the French had their first settlement in Acadia(Nova Scotia). The success of the French settlers was because of Membertou's hospitality, guidance, and kindness. Membertou sometimes joined the French in their settlement area, he was a greatly respected chief by all. Membertou was baptized on June 24th because it was Saint John the Baptist Day. He was the first North American to be baptized by the French in his own country. The ceremony was preformed by priest Jesse Fleche. Jesse Fleche baptized all 20 of Membertou's immediate family. Jesse gave Membertou the baptismal name of Henri, after the king of France, Henri IV. When the French left in 1607 he cared for and protected their land. he watched their land for three years until the French came back. In 1611 Membertou caught dysentery, a disease spread to the New World by the Europeans. When September came he became very ill. Membertou insisted he was to be buried with his ancestors, later he changed his mind and asked to be buried with the French. Henri Membertou passed away september 18 1611, but before he died he told his children to continue to be christians.

 

Christina P

History Paragraph Blog

Membertou (1510-1611)

A chief and shaman of the Micmaq First Nations tribe, Henri Membertou was greatly respected.  His tribe was located at Port Royal which was in the first French settlement, Acadia.  The French settlers' success in this new land was greatly influenced by Membertou's kind, hospitable, and guiding character, and the local Micmaq.  Since he was greatly respected he would often join the French in their territory.  A great milestone in Membertou's life must have been when he was baptized.  He was baptized on Saint John the Baptist Day, 1610 (June 24) He was the first North American to be baptized in is own country.  He was keen on becoming a proper Catholic and he wanted to be properly educated.  Membertou was very loyal to the French that when Potrincourt and the French deserted Port Royal, Membertou took charge and cared for and protected the territory for three years until the French returned.  Membertou is greatly recognized by some Canadians.  In 2007, the Canada Post "French Settlement in North America" series had a $0.52 stamp honouring Chief Membertou.

-Ashley

History Paragraph Blog 2

Mathieu Da Costa

Mathieu Da Costa is the first reported person of African descent in Canada.  He was a Black explorer and settler who is not known how he came to be in Canada.  There is not a final answer but some sources say that he might have come to North America on a Portuguese fishing vessel, or with de Monts.   Da Costa's skill as an interpreter and his vast knowledge of the Micmaq lifestyle made the colony a lot more educated.  Credit should also be given to Da Costa for his friendship and skills that helped the friendly relations take place among the Micmaq and the French.  There is a yearly contest called the Mathieu Da Costa Award Program that gives students ages 9-19 a chance to express their ideas about famous Canadians who have helped to build our nation and who represent the cultural diversity of our country.

-Ashley

                                   Marc Lescarbot

  

       Marc's family was said to born in a place called Guise, but Marc himself was born in Saint-Pole-de-Leon Brittany. Then Marc studied at a college named Vervin then later at Loan. In Paris he was able to learn 3 different languages Greek, Latin andHebrew. He learned canon  and civil law then involved himself in life of Acadia. In 1558 he graduated as a Bachelor of Laws an took a small part in the negotations for the treaty of laws. When all things seemed doomed Marc was sent for defence of peace. When the treaty had finished he composed 'Harangue d'action de grace' then became published. Marc was called Parlement of paris. With all this being said and done Marc had become a lawyer and went to Port Royal in 1606 and stayed there until de Mont's fur trade license was canceled. When he went back to France he published books and poetry about his journey. There was also a dramatic presantion called The theatre of Neptune written and directed by Marc.

Marc Lescarbot

Marc Lescarbot was born in Prais, France in 1570. In 1606, he came to Port Royal until de Monts' fur trade licence was cancelled. When Lescarbot was about to go back to France, he published some books and some poetry about his experiences in Port Royal. Since he wrote about the year he spent at habitation in Port Royal, historians have proof about what Lescarbot did back when he was alive. He involved bimself in life in Acadia. Soon he was the colony's main provider for entertainment. He created stories, poems and plays to entertain men. He often visited the local Micmaq and related to their life style. When Poutrincourt (a lieutenant) came back from France to Port Royal, Lescarbot welcomed him with a big presentation. The presentation was a plpay called "The Theatre of Neptune" written and directed by Lescarbot himself. Micmaq and the french joined in for the performance. The mythical God Neptune (played by Lescarbot) appeared in a bark canoe to welcome Poutrincourt, and being praised by leaders of colonies from France and Micmaq. Cannons and trumpets finished the celebration.
From: Caroline 

Pierre Du Gua de Monts

                            

       Pierre Du Gua De Monts is a early explorer and fur trader who established Port Royal in Acadia known as Canada. In 1603, De Monts was given the power sized illegal traders. He became the governor of Acadia whose duties were to control the area.


       Colonists like Jean the Poutrincourt, Samuel de Camplain and others planted and harvested crops and built a mill and ground flour which was traded with French.

     The business was not successful that made de Monts to leave Port Royal in 1607. He then build Quebec in 1608. The country can stand alone with the help of agriculture.


            
By: Kyra

Biographical Paragraph

Jean de Poutrincourt

Jean de Poutricourt was a French colonizer and was well known because he fought for Catholicism in the French Wars. He was born in 1557 and died in the year of 1615. Poutrincourt lived a life full of frustrations. In 1604, Jean de Poutrincourt went to Acadia with Pierre Du Gua de Monts and Champlain to look for a colony. Then they come back to France with a large cargo of furs. In 1606, Poutrincourt returned with new settlers and supplies and had discovered the de Monts moved the colony from Bay of Fundy to Port Royal so Poutrincourt had command over it. In 1607, the colony was abandoned after the king cancelled their trading monopoly. In 1610, Poutrincourt returned to Acadia with his sons and father Fleche, Claude de Saint – Etienne de La Tour and La Tour's son Charles. More colonists arrived in Port Royal the next year. Poutrincourt had a hard time trying to maintain the colony. He struggled to raise money for the Port Royal colony, keep the monopoly and continue to Christianize the Native people. In 1613, Port Royal was attacked by the English while Pourtrincourt was in France. He couldn't obtain investors in France. Acadia, as a European settlement, almost disappeared. 

-Adam